The Classification and Reproductive Organs of New Zealand Land Planarians. Part IV. By Marion L. Fyfe 505–514 The Evolution of Perissodonta and Tylospira (Struthiolarndae) By J. E. Morton 515–524 Studies on New Zealand Elasmobranchii. Part V. Scymnodalatias n.g. Based on Scymnodon sheruoodi Archey, 1921 (Selachii)* By J. A. F. Garrick 555–571 New Specres of New Zealand Lepidoptera By J. T. Salmon 573–576 The Genus Cenchridium Ehrenberg By R. H. Thompson 637–642 Early Development of the Snapper, Chrysophrys auratus Forster By R. Morrison Cassie 705–713 The New Zealand Specres of Iais (Crustacca Isopoda) By D. E. Hurley 715–719 The Vascular and Nervous Systems of Struthrolaria (Prosobranchia, Mesogastropoda) By J. E. Morton 721–743 Proceedings Annual Meeting i–xxxv Presidential Address xxxvi–xlv Half-yearly Meeting xlv–lix Appendix Appendix 745–774 Index Index 775–781

List of Plates Caption Plate number Fig. 1.—Station 4. Bastion Reet engulfed by a dense growth of Pomatoceros coeruleus. Fig. 2.—Station 5. St. Leonards Point: Rock-boring community of Pholadidea spp. Anchomasa similis and Lathophaga truncata burrowing into soft Wartemata Sandstone Plate 1 Fig. 1.—Long Bay: East Coast Mainland Ecklonia radiata vai richardiana and Carpophyllum maschalocarpum with laminae cast over exposed, sublittoral fringe rocks in the direction of on shore waves. Fig. 2.—Station 25. Pohutukawa Flat. Little Barrier Island: Irregular zonation patterns on boulders in the lithothamnia and algal turf belts Nemastoma oligarthra appears as black dots at the top left. Cellana sp. and young Codium adhaerens var contolutum are above the mixed algal truf. Plate 2 Fig. 1.—Station 29. Sugar Loat Rocks: Lessonia tarregata laminae exposed at E.L.W.S. Xiphophora chondrophylla vat minus is in the foreground. Fig. 2.—Station 33. Needles Point, N. E. Great Barriel Island: Zonation in a north face under conditions of maximum wave exposure for the Haraki Gulf region. Sparse growth of Durrillea above Carpophyllum clongatum. Plate 3 Fig. 1—Station 21. Shag Rock Supralittoral zone, midlittoral zone and sublittoral fringe showing grey and yellow, black. barnacle and brown algal belts. Photo by R. M. Fig. 2—Miners Head. Northwest Great Barrier Island. Midlittoral marked by a regular white ribbon. of Chamaespipho and Elminius above and lithothamina below. Plate 4 Fig. 1.—An mosare of Coverham district photographed at about 16,000ft. Topography Langes from 900ft to 3,500ft Scale and yard grid are only approximately correct River marked by solid lines traeks by dotted lines. and mam drainage divides by dash dot lines Note trench eaused In Recet faulting north and east of the words “Civer Stream. Plate 5 11—A growing on rocks at Portobello Biological 221053 showing the typical dusters of adult plants Photograph by Dr. E. J. Bath B. a belt just above the chondrophylla at Beach, Island 19254 The dumps again be seen Plate 6 Plate 12—Photomierographs of living plants in seawater of three different cultures of 18 22 and 45 days old respectively Photographed 45 52 A 18-day-old plants from St Clam which branching of filaments and formation has begun B 22-day-old plants from Otago Many of the plants have well formed discs but a number of them have retained then filamentous form Hans can also be seen C 45-day-old plants from St Clan, showing well developed discs D, E—Photomierographs of terminal dividing cells of germlings of D 8-day old germling fixed at 01 30 hours and showing several and a late prophase Scale = × 2,750 E 13-day-old germling fixed at 03 30 hours and showing a prophase nucleus Scale = × 3,650 Plate 7 Plate 13—Photomerographs of fixed and stained plants showing A 5-day-old germlings with still visible it one end The majority of the cells contain only one of two plastids B 19-day-old discord germling, grown for 12 days in running seawater at Portobello Marine Brological Station C 20-day-old germling which has retained the filamentous form and showing branching and an increased number of per cell Two harts can be seen passing out of the plane to the left Plate 8 Fig. 9.—Shingle disturbed and reported on 26th October. 1951. Fig. 10—The same area 14 months later December 1952 in flower young plants of and the grasses and 9—Shingle disturbed and reported on 26th October. 1951. Fig. 10—The same area 14 months later December 1952 in flower young plants of and the grasses and Plate 9 Fig. 11.—Colonization of shingle by Fig. 12.—Colonization of a salt deposit with a relatively undisturbed area of older shingle marked by grasses and in the background. Plate 10 Fig. 1.—A exposed in the Malte Brun Range on the western face of Häckel Peak. The visible face extends vertically for 3.500ft. Part of the Darwin Glaerer lies in the foreground. An to the right (re west) or the illustration can be seen clearly visible from the summit and west ridge of Malte Brun Photographed in March 1954 from 9 000ft on the leading westerly ridge of Mt. Darwn looking N.w. Plate 11 Fig. 1.—Panotama looking north-eastwards from B. ridge Mount Dashet with Mount immediately behind at . centre, and Hill-Crater mass on right. The Crater is the dark area on the . Fig. 2.—Panotama looking south-eastwards from Hut (G. R.177376) showing surface of stopped Late peneplam. Note small on extreme left foreground (—11360). surface on extreme falls to Shag Valley and is due to along Wathemo Fault . Plate 12 Fig. 1.—View south-eastwards from Mount showing steeply dipping semi-schist Chl. 2 sub-zone Kattothyrst in middle distance and the in middle distance. Fig. 2.—Headwaters of Deep Creek west of Mount looking towards B. Note mature valley sides and entrenched stream. Fig. 3.— feldspar basalt (11361) at West Fig. 4.—Dyke about 20 feet in diameter formed by columns of (11354) 6-10 inches across. west side of Kattothyrst. Fig. 5.—Large (6ft) blocks of volcanic agglomerate south-west of the Crater. Fig. 6—Volcame south-west of the Crater showing (at left) large block of basalt and (above hammer) fragments of quartz 7 inches across. Plate 13 Fig. 1.—Mount Dasher from summit of . Note screes of Dark rounded mass in left foreground is dyke on west face of Fig. 2.—Olivine nodules (11345) up to 10 inches across in atlantite (11344) at base of on north-west face of Mount Dasher. Note differential weathering. Fig. 3.—Olivine nodule 6 inches across in north end of Mount Plate 14 Fig. 1.— of basanite (11339) from north side of Mount Dasher. White laths of (An ) in ophitie relation with of titanaugite. These and black magnetites in a groundmass of skeletal of X 50 diameters. Fig. 2.— of (11377) from Table Top Hill crystals, of augite and magnetite in a groundmass of with needles of apatite. X 120 diameters. Plate 15 Fig. 2.—Hand specimen of argillite sheared parallel to S1 and containing numerous bouding of grevwacke sandstone. Broken lines indicate the traces of megascopic S2 planes Thin-section 3935 Tawharanui Peninsula. Fig. 3.—β diagram for S2 planes at Tawharanui Peninsula, contours at 22%. 14%. 8% and 4% per 1% area X = extreme positions of fold axes (A1) involving S1 and measured in the field The pole of the younger told axis A2 is shown. Plate 16 Fig. 5a—Lower hemisphere projection of the interred position of told axis A1 and A2 at the onset of folding about A2 Axis A1 is restored to a horizontal position, allows on the great circle normal to A indicate the theoretical path for folding of A1, poles about A2 Fig. 5b—Axis A1 unrolled about A2 A1 for Tawharanui occupies a north-and-south position but for Bream Tail trends roughly east-west Fig. 6—Saussuritized and sheared detrital feldspar in grevwacke sandstone, the matrix is wholly reconstituted to a fine grained mesh of chlorite, prehnite, quart and sericitic mica Crossed nicols Thin-section 3933, near Goat Island Leigh Fig. 7—Quartz-prehte-albite vein in greywacke sandstone Crossed nicols Thin-section 3934, Kawan Island Fig. 8—S2 shear planes in argillite, bedding planes (S1) run left and right Ordinary light Thin-section 3917. Tawharanui Peninsula Fig. 9—High angle quartz veins in argillite broken and folded by renewed movement on S1 Ordinary light Thin-section 3913. Thin-section Peninsula Plate 17 Figs 2. 3—Aulacosphincloides sisyph (Hector). Holotype (Doon Museum photo). Fig. 4—Onchies manaughli Marwick nsp Rubber cast from natural mould paratype in Auckland University College. X 2. (N. Beatus, photo). Plate 18 Plate 19.—The shells of Perissodonla mirabilis (1). Tylospira scululata (2). Aporrliais occrdenlalis (3). and Aporrliais pes-pelicani (4). (Natural size). Plate 19 Fig. a.—View from the point marked A on the map (Fig. 1) looking south-eastwards along the salt meadow (dark turf), showing the paler Salicornia zone in the left middle distance and the tussock-ecotone on the right middle distance In the distance are quite extensive sandhills and behind them (not shown) is the open sea Hooper's Inlet is shown on the extreme left eroding the Salicornia and also the salt meadow where it reaches the water Fig. b.—Vertical section of salt meadow tur Each division on the scale = 1 cm Fig. c.—View from above of salt meadow vegetation Each division on the scale = 1 cm Plate 20 Figs. 1-3. — Melanchra meridiana n.sp. Figs. 4-5. — Melanchra boldensis n.sp. Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 are of the actual Type spceimens others are Paratypes. Plate 21 Fig. 1 — Acclina gallaria Walker subsp venustula nov. Type specimen Figs 2-3. — Baca flammea n.sp., Fig. 2, Type specimen. Figs. 4-3. — Archyala homera n.sp Fig. 4 — Type specimen Plate 22 The snapper egg, vertical views. X 37 1—½ hour 2-1 hour 3—½ hours 4—2 hours 5—2 ½ hours 6—3 hours 7—3 ½ hours 8-6 hours 9-10 hours 10-11 hours 11-12 hours 12-13 hours Plate 23 The snapper egg, vertical views X 37. 1—15 hours. 2—17 hours 3—18 hours 4—20 hours 5—22 hours. 6—24 hours 7—26 hours 8—39 hours 9—45 hours. 10—Commencing to hatch 11—The larva newly hatched. Plate 24 The snapper egg oblique and side views X 37 1—½ hour oblique view 2—2 ¾ hours oblique view 3—6 hours side view 4—12 hours, oblique view 5—13 hours end view 6-18 hours side view 7—30 hours, side view 8-45 hours, side view Plate 25 The snapper larva X 37. 1—Newly hatched 2—1 day. 3—2 days 4 and 5—3 to 4 days. Plate 26