Page image

A Note on a Green Moa Egg from Chatto Creek, Central Otago L. O. Simpson [Received by the Editor, September 14, 1954.] Abstract On the 5th November, 1953, Mr. Mclean, of the Otago Dental School, brought into the Otago Museum a large number of fragments of a green moa egg. He had received them from Mr. C. I. Irwin, of Black's School, Ophii. The egg had been uncovered by a Rabbit Board employee, while falling a bank to fill in a rabbit warren. Unfortunately, the egg, which had been nearly complete, was shattered by a blow from a pick. Mr. T. R. Beatson, of the Otago Museum staff, has made an exceedingly fine reconstruction of the fragments, piecing together nearly three-fifths of the original. The reconstruction showed the egg to be 16 cms. in length, 10.75 cms. in diameter at its widest part and to have an approximate volume of 976 ccs. This is by no means the first record of green shell from sites in Otago, although there are no reports of green shell outside the province. White (1876) described pieces of egg shell of greenish colour, which appeared to him to be parts of a large egg, probably that of a large duck. When more green shell was recovered from a sand drift in 1886, the same author presumed that the shell lost its colour by bleaching. In the Otago Museum Collection there is a piece of moa eggshell collected by White in 1875 at Mt. Nicholas, Lake Wakatipu, and labelled, “Egg shell of Moa (green)”. To-day these pieces of shell are quite white. Sinclair (1939) in a report on the excavation of a cave at Wickliffe Bay also records green egg shell, but did not think the shell was Moa egg shell (p. 142). In a personal communication (January, 1954) L. Lockerbie states that, as far as he is aware, the only site to produce green Moa egg shell in any quantity is Pounawea. There, the green shell is found in an ash layer lying between an upper loose shell deposit and, a lower black greasy deposit, and associated with refuse material (chiefly bones) and artefacts. On the 29th November a party comprising the honorary archaeological staff of Otago Museum and the author, journeyed to Chatto Creek to investigate the site, for a large number of fragments of white Moa egg shell had been reported in association with the green egg. The site was in an eroded gully in the foothills on the western side of Chatto Creek. Due to the complete lack of vegetation except scattered cushion plants, the eastern face of the foothills is steeply eroded. The main erosion—channels run downhill from west to east, and into these at various angles run a great number of smaller tributary channels. About half way to the top of the foothills, the gully in which the egg was found runs downhill for some 230 feet from south to north. On the 21st December a second party, comprising Miss J. Harding, Exhibition Officer, Otago Museum, Mr. J. B. Mackie, Lecturer in Surveying, Otago School of Mines, and the author, returned to the site to survey the area. The profile and sections of the gully figured in this paper are a tribute to the technical skill of Mr. Mackie, who was wholly responsible for their preparation. On the second