EXTRACTS.

New Zealand Herald and Auckland Gazette, Volume I, Issue 66, 6 April 1842, Page 2

EXTRACTS.

Sudden Death of Lord Dufferin, thf late Unsuccessful Tory Candidate fob Chatham.—A considerable sensation was created in Belfast on Tuesday, on the arrival of the Reindeer, steamer, from Liverpool on account of the sudden death, on board, of Lord Dufferin, His lordship complained of indisposition on leaving Liverpool on Tuesday night, and directed the steward of the steamer to bring him a dose of morphine, which he swallowed on going to bed. During the night he breathed heavily in his sleep, and at seven o'clock on Wednesday morning he was found dead in his sleeping berth ! His sister, the Hon- Mrs. Ward, was on board. An inquest was held on the body, but the inquiry was adjourned. This is the third death of persons holding tne title of Baron Dufferin and Clanboys within less than five years, and there are now alive three baronesses of that name; two of them are generally residents of the North of Ireland ; the third (now dowager and widow of the last deceased) is at present in Italy. The late Lord Dufferin was born on the 6th May, 1794, and on the 4th July, 1825, he married Selina, one of the three beautiful and accomplished daughters of Thos, Sheridan ; Esq., and consequently granddaughter of the celebrated Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and sister to the Hon. Mrs. Norton and to Lady Seymour; the "Queen of Beauty." There is issue one son, Frederick, aged about 15 years, heir to the title and large estates of Dufferin and Clanboys. The young nobleman is now at Eton, whilst, as before intimated, his noble mother is abroad and ignorant of the calamity that has befallen her house. The nobleman now deceased was a Tory in politics, and a kind and considerate landlord.

Practice.—An Irish gentleman having been found by a friend one day practising with his sword against the wainscot before dinner, and being asked the reason for his assiduity, replied,, " I have some company coming to-day that I expect to quarrel with."

A Poser.— A boy once complained of his bed-fellow for taking half the bed— *' And why not V said his mother, "he is entitled to half ain't he V " Yes, mother," said the boy—- " but how should you like to have him to take out all the soft for his half?—he will have his half right out of the middle ; and I have to sleep both sides of him. A Great Traveller. —Some days ago we mentioned the departure from Montreal, of Sir George Simpson, the Governor of the Hudson Bay Company, with his party of friends. They proceeded in carriages from Montreal to Laohine, where after spending a little time with Mr. Keith, the Company's agent at that place, they embarked in canoes for the Far West. Sir George is accustomed to travelling, and few men enjoy a better constitution. No ordinary perseverance would accomplish the journey he has to perform. The Montreal Herald gives a tabular statement of the phices, distances, and modes of travelling on the route. Sir George came by the steam packet from Liverpool to Boston, 3500 miles ; then by coach to Montreal, 370 miles. From thence up the Ottawa by canoe to Bytown, 150, Fort Coulonge, 110, Lake Nipis»ing, 250, Freneh River, 100, Lake Huron. Sault £t. Marie, 300, Lake Supeiior, Michipicoton, 150, Pic, 150, Fort William, 200, Fort Charlotte, 100, White Fish Lake, 80, Lac la Plue, 150, Lake of the Woods, 100. Fort Alexander, 160, Lake Winirleg, Red River settlement, 140, making a canoe navigation of 2153 miles! Sir George will then proceed on horseback to Fort Ellice, 280 miles, Fort Pelly. 80, Carlton, 300, Fort Pitt, 130, Edmonton, 320, Jasper's House, 230; on foot to Rocky Mountains, 100; then on horseback to Boat Encampment, 50 ; a distance of 1390 miles on horseback, and 100 on foot! The adventurer will then proceed by boat down the Columbia River to Fort Colville, 450 miles, Oxanagan 150, Fort Nezperiz, 260, Fort Vancouver, 250 —lllO miles by boat. Reaching the Pacific Ocean, he goes by steam boat to Sitka, 1300 miles, Fort Simpson, 400, touching at all the forts along the coast back to the Columbia River, 1400, by ship to Bobego, 700, Sandwich Islands. 2500, Fort Vancouver, 3200, Sitka, 13C0, Oonalashka, 1800, Kamschatka, 1800, Ochotsk, 110015,200 miles by ship and steam ; then to Yakutsk in Siberia, on horseback, 800 miles ; up the Lena by boat to Olokma. 600, William, 640, Kirenki, 420, WercholensK, 700, Irkutsk, 280—2640 miles by boat, Then to Kiachtka, and back, on horseback, 300 miles ; horseback and caniage to Courtoun»k, 300, Nishney Udinsk, 320, Kamskey, 230, Aichinek, 320, Tomsk, 420, Übin<k, 800, Omsk, 750, Tobolsk, 600, Tumen, 350, Perm, 620, Orza, 100, Kasan,soo, Nishney Novgorod, 300, Moscow, 400, St. Petersburg, 750; home, through Europe, 2500—9590 miles in carriages and on horseback. Total distance of the tour, about 36,850 miies !

The Canton de Vand has been marked by a henious murder. A native of Meuden had paid his addresses to Mdlle, Champel, daughter of the foimer guardian of the Chateau of Chillon. His suit was rejected, In order to renew it he went to his uncle and asked him to make over to him the part of his portion which he intended to leave him after his death. The uncle refused, when the nephew fired shots at both his uncle and aunt, killing the latter. He then went to Villeneuve, where Mdlle Champel resided, met her, and, on her refusal to listen to him, shot her, and then put an end to his own existence.

A Picture of Distress.—lt is truly wonderful to see how life is sutained by a great amount of outovercrowded population. Go to Strutton Ground in Westminster, to Tottenham Court Road, or along Whitechapel, places where a prescriptive right seems to exist of exposing, in the open air, the wares of open traffickers, on a Saturday night in winter, when the snow is on the ground, or falling about our ears, and see the crowds of shivering creatures, standing by their little stock in trade, to be converted if they are fortunate, into the means of staving off starvation for the morrow. There, for example, stands a poor apple woman, her tray of oranges and apples supported against her limbs by a strap of leather passing over her shoulders ; a rushlight flickers in the midst of her fruity store; at either side, sucking their little fingers to beguile the cold, are two half clad children, bending their eager eyes on the passing crowd, as if imploring them to buy; the aspect of mother and children, is that of creatures habituated to hunger, hardship, and grief. Near to these, stands a blind old man, a framework hung before his breast, whence append stay laces, braces, pencil cases, and such trifling articles,; his sightless orbs, as they roll to and fro in their sockets, are his advocates; he trusts implicitly to the honor and good feeling of his customers in his little transactions, for who would rob the blind?

Further on is a poor widow, whose means of livelihood is an inverted umbrella, filled with penny prints, one glance will tell you she has seen better days, and her little merchandise, tastefully sorted, indicates no vulgar mind. On the step of a door sits a poor woman crying, a baby at her breast; when you enquire her grief, she extends in her hand a few boxes of lucifer matches, and informs you she has been striving all day and has sold nothing. The sallow faced manufacturer from the country, who came up to London in the vain attempt to procure work, with his wife and children, Hire drawn up to the kennel, silently imploreing alms; a ragged soldier of the late Spanish legion, with a wooden leg, and pewter crosses of San Fernando, offers forty songs for a halfpenny; a little boy, hardly able to crawl, screams fifty radishes a penny ; here are stallscovered with pieces of stale flat fish ; there, murdered grimalkins are offered for sale under the savory incognito of mutton pies; in another place the skin of the animal stripped from its back while yet alive, and made into a cap, is hawked about by the wife or daughter of the pieman. Meat, fish, flesh, fowl, condem ned by the proper authorities of several markets, are here exposed in every state of putridity, and what is more extraordinary find abundance of consumers. Truly, if the spectator of these, the obverse sides of life, does not feel a lively sense of thankfulness to the Great Being, who has vouchsafed him abundance, we earnestly recommend him to turn Turk, in default of a better religion ! Can any one, with a heart the size of a nutmeg, contemplate without pain the pitiable condition of those poor wretches, who make out life from hand to mouth, exposed to the inclemencies of the weather, and perpetually baited by the myrmidons of the law, whose recreation seems to lie in hunting these children of misfortune from humble industry to crime.— Blackwood's Magazine.

Daniel O'Conkell at the Cork Assizes. —We can vouch as to the following account being substantially correct; but cannot pledge ourselves to its verbatim accuracy. Mr. Ma/tin Flanagan, however, would swear by bell, book, and candle, that the report is as true as that St. Patrick committed holy murder on the toads and snakes of the Emerald Isle, or first jim of the say, of which latter averment no regular ould Milesian has a doubt. Mr. John Boyle, who was the first person that issued an unstamped paper (the Freeholder) was indicted for assaulting the High Sheriff of Cork. Daniel O'Connell was his advocate, and thus did he defend his client. "My lord, and gentlemen of the jury—After the eloquent speeches of my learned friends on the opposite side—after you have all heard of Johnny Boyle's* awful misdeeds, I must confess I am afraid to venture on a speech. At all events,as I received a fee I must do something in return. Suppose I tell you a story (laughter.) I must, however, promise, that though the prosecution is ostensibly ior an assault on the high sheriff, it is really on account of Johnny Boyle's satirical exposures of the miserable corporation of Cork—that body without a soul. Once upon a time—say about one hundred and fifty years since—a Mr. Gallagher was indicted for the murder of Mr. O'Rafferty. After very serious evidence was heard against the poor prisoner, he asked the judge to allow him to call up one witness ' My poor man,' said his lordship, • your case appears a bad one, but you must have every indulgence.' •O, then,' shouted the prisoner, * Mister O'Rafferty, the muidered man, would you be just kind enough to step up on the table V (loud laughter.) Up jumps Mr. O'Rafferty, to the inexpressible surprise of the court. The judge, of course, charged the jury to acquit the prisoner. The latter retired for some time, and returned with a verdict of guilty ! On his lordship remon- 1 strating with them on the absurdity of the verdict, the foreman quaintly observed, ' My lord, though he is not exactly guilty of the murder, he is a bad fellow, and stole hay from one of the jury, so we are resolved to get rid of him some way' (roars of laughter.) " Just so," continued Dan, '* stands the case with my client, Johnny Boyle. In coming out of the theatre with his arms a-kimbo, such was the pressure of the crowd that he was forced against the high sheriff, who, no doubt, at the instigation of corporate friends brings forward this trumpery charge. Look at the high sheriff here to-day, smirking and smiling—does not he look very like a half-murdered or murdered man, such as Mr. O'Rafferty ? (shouts of laughter.) The cases are quite in analogy. The truth is, Johnny, like the fellow that stole the hay, is a troublesome rascal, and the corporators want to get rid of him (pt als of merriment, during which the judge's gravity was relaxed). Gentlemen of the jury, alter my story and its application, I demand your verdict for my client.'' After this characteristic speech, Johnny Boyle was acquitted, to the great gratification of his numerous Radical devotees.—Political Satirist* Mixed Races and LiBERTY.-r-Did it ever occur to you, reader, that there is not, and never was, a free and intellectual people on the face of the

* The editor of the Freeholder vvas generally called 4 Johnny*.

■ earth, who were not a mixed race ? The princi is as true applied to human beings as to anim that races which have remained pure have detei rated—lost their energy, and become slay whilst those which have been mixed the njj have improved in intellectual erergy, and asse' their rights to freedom. Rome grew up a i . race, and was free —as free as a people^ccV**,. without Christianity. The Greeks wert ! Km less, and had a less vigorous freedom. What race is now the most mixed? It ist Anglo Saxon. Upon the ancent Britons ri first engrafted the Romans—ani hence the Is eyes among the English. Next came the S*o from the north of Germany—then the Daes, branch of the energetic Scandinavians. Aft' (if came the Normans, This was the fourth ros Since then England has been the resort if a nations, which has kept this process of mixire i continued activity: and as a race, thelngi Saxons of England and America are thimoj: compounding of any on all the earth. Ar the are the freest people in all the earth! kng Saxons were never and never will be slave ly. matter what the form of government may bawdc which they live—that government must esatial; be a government of the people, or it cannicorr:> mand support or obedience. The Anglo Saxons are rapidly extendinthert selves over the world. The sun neverets o their rule.—And they will yet give Chrtianit and freedom to the world. The univeil ej tension of science, liberty, and law wilbe tli work of one people, and that people aret Angh; Saxons. It is this blood which has infed int American character a spirit of enterprisenergy and contempt of arbitrary law, and has es)lishec.; our republican institutions; and as loiasthr l race continues, it will ha free. But you i raak no other people so free. We doubt whier arr others are at present qualified for self-govnment::: Haltowell Cultivator. Tub Kelso —The raising of this ships beei undertaken by Mr. J. Fraser, of thejenera' Salvage Company, a gentleman of sciefic pur suits, and the inventor of the patent difgdres* in use by the divers employed about thsreck o the Royal George. Mr. Fraser has rats a grea • number of vessels by the same meanshich VP now intends to employ in raising the Ko in ii <■ West India Dock. It will be recolltctehat th f vessel caught fire, and after burning sevenhours, was scuttled and went down, iattemrf was made to raise her on Wednesday, \ch com-. pletely failed, and yesterday morning he ear,! 1 / hour of six o'clock, Mr. Fraser corniced onef rations upon the Kelso. Having fit on his diving dress and helmet, he went dovmd surveyed the ship, and ascertained that jcuttlingi the hull had been much injured, 're were several large holes, and planks torn avon eacli side under the stein, and also her be. This survey occupied some time, and when had ascertained the situation of the holes, hes drawr up again, and provided himself with ilements planking, &c, and was again loweredAt twelvi o'clock, Mr. Fraser was joined by a er namer Fullager, who also put on one of ft Fra3er': patent water dresses and went dow Air \va supplied to them from pumps workedfour mei on the poop of the ship, the only par her above water. Some of the holes wten, others fifteen feet below the surface he watei and the ballast hole was also opened.id had l be stepped. Mr. Fraser and his atant plie* their hammers and tools vigorousuntil fi o'clock, at which time they hadeceded \\\ covering all the holes with plankirand wet' again raised by the labourers in attemce. M Fraser was under water on the lastcasion ei actly five hours, and was working rd all t! time. A great number of personssembled i the pier head to witness the operatia and it w; generally expected that the vessel w.d be afloi, in the evening, an event which wo: have ha r pened but for another engagemerwhich M Fraser had made to go down to avesend superintend the operations now goi forwaid ; raise the ship Betly, laden with cornim Dar.ts , which was run down by anothe'essel in t Lower Hope a few days since, and w lies sui in eight fathoms water, nearly inud-chanoL forming a most serious impedimerto the nagation. Mr. Fraser has engaged) raise f vessel, and his divers have been atork on it :. the last three days, and have alrey succeec in fastening strong chains under he>ottoro. 1 same gentleman is negotiating witthe corpo tion of London for raising the Avoi and Wat witch steamers, sunk near Gravesd aHit .* years ago, and which seriously obsict t ;n i gation of the Thames. We underand the t of £6OO will be paid for raising e Kelso, \J. double that sum for lifting the Bly. Ther : no cargo in the former vessel, but t? other is, of wheat.— Times, September 17. _ The Navy.—We must say th; in most t: ticulars the navy was never in a ftter condU, ' than at this moment. The peection of service, so signally displayed in Sr'»> afforll kJ

sufficient answer to all that has been said of late years about the decline and fall of the navy. Therein be no greater mistake than to suppose that JThas in the least degraded, or that we have : ascendancy at sea. The unreasonable e of enforcing the striking of the flag, ndthe lowering of the topsail from foreign ships, »: own mere motion given up, just at the ; moment so most gracefully. In a | new edition of the General Instructions, which i came out after the battle of Trafalgar, the article which required officers to enforce this usage was I omitted. But unless this be one, we are not I aware of any symptom of decline. There is none, in the greater number of our ships—in the ae*^ juirements of our officers—in the effectiveness jf onr men. In these particulars, and in all others ne have a more decided superiority over the 1 lavies of other countries, than we had on the ; morning of Trafalgar ; we say the morning, for " tiat day annihilated the navies of France and " Spain, and France has done a good deal to restore fers since. In a supplemental chapter of his life jjl o Lord Anson, Sir John Barrow gives a full 1 rturn of the navies of France, Russia, America, s aid other powers, up to the year 1839. We 111 sail take the chief item- the line of battle ships. , Of these England has ninety, France forty-nine, I lussia fifty, America fifteen. These numbers J l ' hclude ships building, of which England had I welve, France twenty-n : ne, Russia seven, Amer- | ca eight. The return includes the navies of other II cowers, but they are not worth giving; Holland, 1 Vbnce our gallant rival, and still with many of ■ j:lie elements of naval greatness, has but eight ]" jhips of the line. And Spain, long ranking forefr most among maritime nations—her proud and 10 'numerous fleets —where are they? The answer ] s that of the echo in the tale ' are they ?' She " ias but three ships of the line, and none building. i Ol Spain and Holland owe their lost navies to the one cause—alliance with France. France, amidst si] all her troubles, has done wonders to restore her :li: na?v, and Russia much to increase her's ; and lie-, since they shared our laurels at Navarino, both di,. hpve become more than ever ambitious of naval ,hs distinction. Rut we are not disposed to think aij tiat they are either of them destined to acquire n nuch importance in this way. Russia with some I advantages, has her climate and her ice-bound :cu-shores against her. France is defective in a main of naval strength—in ports, and her com- , ; merce is but young; it has undoubtedly made a growth since the year 1815, and had [irshe pef ce to nurse it, might bear for her people !lr far M re valuable fruits than all the conquests of jjlNapdieon, But if from motives of ambition or o f wild views of gain, she indulges in a war with us, t : what becomes of her merchants, her ships, her colonies, her commerce ?—cf her navy, the proit duct of them all, and always the slow acquisition I of many jears ? In a tew months her colonies „ end her commerce fall from her grasp, and her ( fleets, if they show themselves, are pretty sure to go like all she had before, with lowered ensigns into British ports, America is, so far as we can ; see at present, the nation most likely to be I rival on the seas. But the omnipotent majority ( there abhors taxation, and with a great extent o I coast, her navy is small. We lfave then the comfortable assurance, that we hold our accusI tomed superiority; and that there is no ground for the apprehensions or the hopes of those who , talk of a declining navy and decaying fleets Dublin University Magazine. By mechanical means, by exhausting and condensing pumps, a new method of curing and salting animal substances has been invented and perfected under patent. The whole process of curing does I not occupy more than a quarter of an hour ; it may be conducted at any season of the year, at any temperature ; to the meat any desired flavour or degree of saltness can be given ; and, by the new process, the nutritious qualities of the animal substance are ail preserved. It is also applicable to the preparation of hides for packing, and to their preservation and improvement for the tanI tier's use. So far as we could judge from a single inspection, the whole of the foregoing advantages I ( can be realised. Whether the time allowed for the ~brine to be in contact with the animal fibre is sufficient to ensure its preservation for any length : of time, time only will prove. The contact however, throughout the mass is complete, and every portion of the meat fully rece.ves the flavour and strength of the pickle.— Literary Gazette. The fleet of the London General Steam Navi- | gatfoj Campany will soon number fifty large ves*ssfyceeding in tonnage and power the steam.fleet >f France, and exhibiting in a striking light the anazing effects of British skill and enterprise. A 3oop One.—A gentleman who had the misJorture to marry a fortune, was once exhibiting i tlie foe points of his horse to a friend. "My horse, if you please,"' said his wife, " my money fought that horse/' « Yes, madam," replied the flushed bowing, "and your money bought me

A Patient Lad.—" Ben," said a father the other day to his delinquent son, •* I am busy now —but as soon as I can get time, I mean to give you a confounded flogging.'' " Don't hurry yourself, pa," replied the patient lad ; I can wait." Unlucky Day.—" My lord," said a fellow condemned to be hanged for sheep stealing, " all I ask of your lordship is, that I shall not be hanged on a Friday." "Why?" asked the judge, in a surprise. " Because," was the answer, "it is always counted a mighty unlucky day.''

Life of a Medical Man.—There is not any career which so rapidly wears away the powers of life, because there is no other which requires a greater activity of mind and body. He has to bear the changes of weather, continual fatigue, irregularity of meals, and broken rest, to live in the midst of miasma and contagion. If in the country, to traverse considerable distance on horseback exposed to wind and storm, to brave all dangers to go to the relief of suffering humanity. A fearful truth for medical men ha? been established by the table of mortality of Dr. Casper, published in the British Review : of 1000 members of the medical profession, 600 died before their 62nd year, whilst of persons leading a quiet life, such as agriculturists or theologians, the moitality is of each of those classes, 48 theologians, 40 agriculturists, 95 clerks, and S2 soldiers will reach their 70th year, of 100 professors of the healing art £4 only will reach that age. They are the sign-posts to health; they can show the road to old age, but rarely tread it themselves. Important Discovery.—An experiment of the highest interest was performed at. the ** Chateau de Villetaneuse," near St. Denis. Mon. S and his sen had for sore time past announced publicly, that they had succeeded in the means of directing balloons in the air, and several experiments on a small scale in the Courtyard of the Ecofe Militaire, in Paris, had been attended with satisfactory results. The experiment of Monday ha s verified all their hopes, Mon. S , junior, after rising to a height of about 250 metres with a balloon constructed by himself and his father, sit at work their ingenious mechanism, and immediately the balloon proceeded to the west, notwithstanding a pretty strong wind blowing from that point. He then returned, and sailed about in various directions, the balloon rising or lowering at the will of the aeronaut without the apparent use of any kind of ballatt. The experiments lasted for three hours, at the expiration of which time Mon. S descended at the point from which he had started, amidst the acclamations of the spectators.— Moniteur Parisien

Dr. Franklin's Code of Laws.—The following list of moral virtues was drawn up by Dr. Franklin for the regulation of his life—Temperance—Eat not to fullness ; drink not to elevation. Silence—Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation. Order —Let all your things have their places ; let each part of your business have its time. Resolution— Resolve to perform what you ought; perform , without fail what you resolve. Frugality—Make no expence, but to do srood to others or to yourself; that is, waste nothing. Industrv—Lose no time; be always employed in something useful; keep out of all unnecessary action. Sincerity— Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly; and if you speak, speak accordingly. Justice—Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits th a t are yonr duty. Moderation —Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries. Cleanliness Suffer no uncleanliness in the body, clothes, or habitation. Tranquility—Be not disturbed about trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable. Humility—lmitate Jesus Christ. London.—London is eight miles in length, in breadth three, and in circumference twenty six. It contains 8,000 streets, lanes, alleys, and courts and 65 squares, It has 246 churches and chapels, 207 meeting houses for dissenters, 43 chapels for foreigners, and 6 synagogues for Jews—making 502 places of public worship. The number of inhabitants during the sitting of parliament, is estimated at 1,250,000. In this vast city there are4,ooo seminaries tor education, 10 institutions for promoting the arts and sciences, 122 assylums for the indigent, 17 for the sick and lame, 13 dispensaries, 704 charitable institutions, 58 courts of justice, and 4,040 professional men connected with the law. There are 13,000 vessels trading on the Thames in the year, and 40,000 waggons going and returning to the metropolis in the same period. The amount of exports and imports to and from the Thames is estimated at £65,311,921 annually, and the property floating- in the vast city every year is 17,000,000 sterling.

BRITISPI MUSEUM. The principal libraries in Great Britain are those of the British Museum and oilier public institutions in London ; those of Lambeth, Oxford, Cambridge and Alihorp, in England ; the Advocates, Writeis, and College of Edinburgh,

and those of the Universities of St. Andrew's, Glasguy t an( j Aberdeen, in Scotland; and in Ireland that of College, in Dublin. The most extensive and the most valuable of these is that contained within the walls of the British Museum : this library, extensive as it now is, in regard to the date of its foundation, a 9 compaied with many others in Europe, is but of modern origin, notwithstanding which it perhaps excels all others in its numerous and valuable manuscript collection In the number of books it contains it is equalled by many in Europe, and greatly exceeded by others. The libraries in Europe which equal or exceed it in the number of their printed books, though not in their manuscripts, are Wolfenbuttle, which contains 190,000 printed volumes; that of Statgard, 197,000 ; Madrid, 200,000 ; and there arenine which outnumber it, viz.:—■ Berlin 250,000 .. 5,000 Gottingen. 300,000 .. 5,60* Dresden 300 000 .. 2,700 Naples 310,000 .. 6,000 Vienna 350,000 .. 16,000 Copenhagen 400,000 .. 20,000 St Petersburg!].... 400,000 .. 6,000 Munich..... 500,000 .. 14.000 Paris 700 000 °L. 80,000 That of the British Museum contains about 225,000 printed books, and 22,500 manuscripts. Distress of the Printers.—The following is the address of the unemployed printers of London. The committee appointed by the unemployed printers of London to issue a public address, in appealing to their benovolence, do so with full confidence of their sympathy and support. It is calculated that at the present time there are upwards of twelve hundred unemployed compositors and pressmen, and many cfthem, with families, are in an absolute starving state. Numbers of our worthy brethren have already applied for parochial aid, and as the public must well know from the present state of our poor laws,anv assistance from that quarter but that of entering the union workhouse is denied, and we resret to say, that many honest and industrious members of our trade have been compelled to submit to that alternative. The committee beg to inform them that the sedentary occupation, and many hours which they must necssarily apply toiheir business, preclude them from any chance of obtaining a livelihood in any way unconnected with the printing business. And no class of men are sooner debilitated, with the loss of sight and paralized limbs, than your humble supplicants, which the noble.and generous patrons of the Printers Pension Society are fully aware of, from the reports of that society. The principal cause of their great distress l-eing that of the numerous failures among booksellers and others connected with the printing business, also the little business done by Parliament in consequence of the unsettled state of affairs, the public must be aware that these arc the chiif sources from which their labours are called into action. The generous nobility and public, on a former occasion, in the years, 1825 6 having so nobly responded to the call of benevolence in their behalf, the committee have every reason to believe that in the present distressed state of the printing business a like sympathy will crown their efforts. This address, 'which is signed by J. T. Gregg, the chairman, and W. Dargan, the honorary, announces that subscriptions will be received by Messrs. Williams, Deacon, and Co., Birchin-lane, Cornhillj Spooner, Attwoorl, and Co., Gracechurch-sfreet, London, Uanke.s; also by Mr, Hodson. bookseller, ,112, Fleet street; Mr. Harroid, printers' broker, Great distaff lane. Friday-street; and by Mr. Lake, Three Herrings Tavern, Bell-yard, Temple-bar.

Curing op Australian Wheat.—ln order to cure wheat properly in this colony, the same operations are necessary that are carried on in Britain, viz :—lt should be cut in proper season ; if for flour or the market, it should be cut when fresh, ripe, and well winnowed, and taken dry into the farm-yard, and every means employed to prevent it from becoming heated. For these purposes, " binding and stooking" should be attended to, by taking care that the sheaves are well bound, and that their bottoms are not unnecessarily occupied by grass and upper parts of wild flowers— Tor most of these being surcharged with moisture, tend greatly to spoil the grain by their moisture entering into the stocks ot the wheat, which, by its subsequent movements, gives birth to mildew and other diseases, which will seriously affect the quality as well as the quantity of the wheat. It is advantageous to open up the bottoms of the heading sheaves before they are laid on the stook, for the purpose of allowing the grass and flower tops to fail out before the sheaves are laid on. After the grain has been properly winnowed, it ought to be carefully removed and stacked in the barn-yard—the stacks should be built of a circular or octagonal form, on straddles having a central vent throughout to cause a current of air to circulate through the middle of the stack. The vent,

if possible, should be left open for a few days after the stack has been built, but the thatching and the heading ought to be put on as soon as possible after the building has been completed—moreover, whenever there is an appearance of rain, the central vent should be closed by a good layer of straw, in order to prevent it from reaching the heads of the sheaves. The importance ofl proper stackiog- is apparent from the fact, that •

wheat is found to keep best in the stack, and also that the farmer who wishes to dispose of his crop advantage in New South Wales, must genera»y keep it past him for four or five months.— Tegg s Almanac, • Prospects of America.—A writer in one of the foreigi. encyclopaedias calculates, that if the natural resources of the American continent were fully developed it would afford sustenance to 3600 millions of a number five times as great as the entire population of the globe. The writer, after advancing this position, goes on as follows :—" And win* is more surprising, there is every probability that tJ*a prodigious population will be in existence within tVee or four centuries. The imagination is lost in contemplating a state of things which will make so great and rapid a change in the condition of the worVJ. We almost fancy it is a dream, and yet the result is based on principles quite as certain as those wlrich govern the conduct of men in their ordinary Nearly all social improvements spring from the reciprocal influence of condensed numbers and diffused intelligence. What then will be the state of society in America#two centuries hence, when one or two thousand millions of civilized men ate crowded into a space comparatively so narrow, and speaking only two languages, as will doubtless be the case ? History shows that wealth, power, literature, all follow in the train of numbers, general intelligence, and freedorr .'• The same causes which transferred the '^ V civilization and weight of influence from the ol the Euphrates and the Nile to Western Eufope must, in the course of no lon- "period, carry them trom the latter to the plains of the Mississippi aud Amazon.''

Pleasing Method op Teaching the Nine Parts of Spkkch.—l will collect a number of children, and will draw an imaginary picture. I will ask each of them in succession, what will you have in the picture ? One will say a cottage, others a mansion, a wood, a tree, a lake, a church' a lady, a gentleman. Then I tell them that these things are nouns, which is the name of any tbin°-, and therefore might as well have been called names instead of nouns. I would then ask having got the objects for the picture, how shall they be placed? I shall be told, the cottage by the wood ; the tree on the hill; the horse in the field ; the lady near the lake; the gentleman beyond the church ; thus in making theirehoice they would find out what constituted di preposition. I should then take up the adjective brush, as I would call it, and tell them that to give beauty to the picture, it was proper to express a quality; at d they would give their preference for a pretty cottage, a fine mansion, a young lady, a handsome church, and so forth, which would teach them the adjective. Then, in order to give life to the picture, I would tell them that the different objects must be doing something ; and I might be told—the horse should prance ,• the tree should -wave; the gentleman should study; the lady should sing ; the lake should shine; by which would be explained the qualities of the verb. But 1 would add, the tree might wave, or the lady might sing, very differently to what vou intend ; how should it be? " Why, sir, the tree shall wave gently; the horse shall prance playfully; and the lady shall sing sweetly ; thus I will obtain the adverb, " Now" I would ask of one, " What would you do with the cottage V " Oh, sir, f should like to live in it.'» "In it, what'do you mean?'' "in the cottage." Thus I would by repetition illustrate the pronoun pro, for noun, name. The conjunction they would learn because it could form no part of the picture; while the interjection, though called a part of speeches not so in reality; it is an exclamation only, and derives its name from inter between, and jecta thrown, or thrown between. Thus children might easily be collected to play at making pictures and would be instructed while they were innocently amused.— Smith''s Lectures.

Use of the Fan in Japan.—Neither men nor women wear hats except as a protection against rain ; the fan is deemed a sufficient guard from ths sun; and perhaps nothing will more strike tfee newly-arrived European than this fan, which he will behold in the hand or the girdle of every human being. Soldiers aud priests are no more to be seen without their fans than fine ladies, who make of theirs the use to which fam are put in other countries. Among the men of Japan it serves a great variety of purposes. Visitors receive the dainties offered them upou their fans; the beggar, imploring charity, holds out his fan for the alms his prayers may have obtained. The fan serves the dandy in lieu of a whalebone switch ; the pedagogue instead of a ferule for the offending schoolboy's knuckles ; and, not to dwell too long upon the subject, a fan, presented upon a peculiar kind of salver to the high-born criminal,is said to be the form of announcing his death-^oom; his head is struck off at the same moment that he stretches it towards the fan.— Manners and Customs of ihe Japanese.