ON THE LAND.

New Zealand Herald, Volume XLVI, Issue 14209, 4 November 1909, Page 8

ON THE LAND.

GRAZIERS AND OTOOK-BREEDEBtf ASSOCIATION, "" *■":'• The advisability of forming an■ «.«ocUtio' ' -" of Auckland provincial graziers and ,t<*sfsi breeders \ has appealed to the V a j&^?si" l Farmers' Club and a number of prominon? settlers in the Auckland Province. -i outcome the executive of the Aucklandfß-ISJ and P. Association is calling a meotine tobe < held at Auckland on Monday, Novem ber , 29, ■ after, the metropolitan spring show*' It has been suggested that an association of this kind might; keep , a register.'of the graziers and breeders who are members 'oflW"' the association, and a record of all fit f gtock*pll ! held by them from time to time; keep i a touch with the Home and colonial v fafcfCWi stock markets; and, if necessary, take"stewllljl to steady the meat- market by exportine surplus stock, or by the adoption of any; other means calculated to prevent the localH markets falling below remunerative prices, 'tftj ■'■■- : ~"——— ■ . ' ■■- '' . - ,: frara| i v GREEN MANURING. ..-.'', The sy3tem of green manuring to furnish 1 a supply of organic matter, and to collect ■ nitrogen from the atmosphere, can be en-' ployed with decided advantage, but to*"'gfet"«S the best results from green manuring it' is necessary\ to supplement it by the application of artificial fertilisers. . An authority' 111 upon practical agricultural chemistry Aakegthe following notes: — - (a) Amplication of Nitrogen.—The . necca'-' sity for the addition of nitrogen is depen, dent on the success of the green crop and on < the requirements of the following crop. - instance, if tho green crop has grown well, $ potatoes and cereals on good or medium soilHl should not require the help of any addition.!.' al artificial nitrogen. Following a poor '&H green crop it may bo advisable to give either" potatoes or cereals/especially oats, the benefit of a top-dressing of lewt nitrate of soda. Mangels, following a green crop, wi11,.?certainly require some quick-acting nitrogen- •' and should have a dressing of 2 to 3ewfc' nitrate of soda.... , .'.' •■}>"?■'■'!' (b) Phosphate of Lime.A small dressing. of superphosphate is advisable to increase) m the effect of the green-manuring. For rootiW and potatoes the soil should receive ''l&twflp 2cwt per acre. Cereals ' & little less— lewt per acre should suffice. ''[ '|'4^sfill (c) Potash.— addition of this dient plays a very important part withilj; green-manuring, especially in root growing.' With cereals it is not so essential. The i' following example serves to show the neces- 7 sity of applying, artificial potash to root* and potatoes grown on green-manured land. ' In experiments the increase of crop produced by the application of potash " with a; green crop ploughed under (peas, beans, and 1 I vetches) was 6 tons of roots and 4 tons of' potatoes. Thus it appears that roots and'' I potatoes caii only, make full use of the stuff' m ploughed under when the crop has a. dreg-' sing of potash as well. j M • (d) Farmyard Manure.— might be eon-! sidered superfluous to apply farmyard > man-'■' ure with green-manuring; such does not,,' J however; appear to be the case, ' and!.ii®||l practice good results have been obtained byjl|| it. This may bo due, not to the actuiilSfl plant food in the farmyard manure, but to the great activity which it produces in •■ thalfi useful bacterial life, and this increased tivity helps to the utility of the -'gree£|si& manure.! ; The dressing of , farmyard ' mamrr©JS should be quite moderate, as - a -big," appk^'afy I cation. would not be required and would W|s||l i wasteful. ,-.-..'.—•^aflH |v .- .- ■ >-.■ - - s>- ■ -^;™ j" .'■ HANDLING POULTRY. 'V, , \)l So many breeders go their daily round oSSI feeding and egg-collecting , without anyi g 1 thought of handling the birds. Any bird?'' may be healthy and yet not get enough to) '', eat. Handling is simple enough, and can, . be done in a minute if birds are fed irU ; ■ pens or troughs with soft food first -thing.-; m i When putting down the food some are:"; more venturesome than others, and if thos4fif£l are picked up carefully and when put downr'-'r, ■a bit of" food offered in the other ' hand ii|Sa| whole pen of fowls can be so tanned that,..,.'. they can be handled * without "fear "or ':flustervliM| It is as well to note vthat backward birds' | need handling occasionally, the same us 1 the more venturesome, the object being to see if they have enough ior too much food,*'- ■■ according to the condition they, are in. •"" ,, aS| ■, . :-". ' -•-. ■'-,-::"- ... ■ ./Afi!|i SALT FOR STOCK. " .^fgfi Salt should be provided for all animals.;- - Good' rock salt is really all that' is neededSfl to give a lick when the animals feel they :M need.it. If it is put in a covered box it wi11,4;» last longer than if loft .exposed to ths'. ; weather oh the damp ground. For ' cows it* is recommended to give 201b coarse salt, ! "2Wh»j'A boncmeal, .or Thomas' phosphate, _ and«£lbii!||| sulphate of iron, mixed together ill .■ a boxt and protected from the weather. ''"^^^llilll , r, - Ull ■•■ v; *■'"■■--■-:"•■■ ' . ■'.-'"•.•■-■■.■'..; BREVITIES. ■ - f'Kind treatment, even of pigs, pays. , :.--' - Get your litters on the market as early at .-,. possible. ' I ' - ",'.f Potatoes should not* be planted in the! same soil two' years in succession. * , ■'.•■;;■;, -',:■;■■■,.,■■:■:■;:■.:- ~ : ; ___J.-;-.;; : .:;: ; ; '■■^■.:''^;^■..:n'4 s :sll|| ; .No amount of work on the soil ■ or in»' , culture will make "a; good crop of com"'-';rS&' unless the seed is good. '/■] No man who is deaf to the piteous appeal "fS of the forsakon or orphan lamb is fit to bee the owner of a . flock of sheep. S| 1 '■'■' It appears from observation and experiment that cows with • the most highly nerves are, as a rule, the best milkers. Comfort and abundant feed are the k«/£3sf> notes to success in handling the dairy herds.'» Without comfort the milk-flow will dwindle. ' , ' : . '.. '"' , • (,-■' I Don't wait .until: you need - your fodder,, crops. 'Put in your seed early, and havapf 1 plenty of -feed • for your stock for summer. '. The use, of silagia,for fattening beef cattle* '' has been ?. tested at a number of experimental stations by; stockmen,;" with' exeel*-;§f lent results. - \ The four : comer-stones of successful farm- V ine are live-stock, legumes, crop rotation, and tillage. ■ Upon these a wide system of farming can bo built anywhere. If cheese-makers would cool the milk for- ~*£"■. one year they would get so much bettor cheese and so much mom money that they .. - would never go back to present methods. Tho addition of a starter to pasteurised if sweet cream" without subsequent ripening improves the flavour of the. fresh butter ""'• without adding -enough acid to cause" fishkr' ness. Start early; and keep your stock in' first-' class shape this-year, "An ounce of prevention is worth a .pound of cure." lb|iiJ||aa much easier to keep out internal parasites than to get them out. "■ ,%'; -■■'■ -■'■' .--..,:. 5 :■■'.;,- " ■'■--- '■..■' ''.' : rfvri;^Ss^Si The cow's udder is of special It should be largo and its skin thin, wjt|||H loose, soft folds extending away back, cap* m able of great distension when filled a»4sf| shrinking back when empty. ••'■'""W ;.:,. ■~;-■■,,J-^—-'.-, '-■ :-;'t;«| When one commences to cull he mii»|SS keop uniformity in mind. A. ewe, for \u-.0 stance, may be a good breeder,' but if she < : $ brings lambs: of a ; different stamp from thft'gsl, run of flock it is better to discard herSM .."''—""■■'■'? ' ~V: " ■■v^SSBI Give ; the growing, lambs every care and M attention, but ldo ? not forget the ■ children'*?! in your own household. ; They need your:% thoughtful consideration, for their dovclop- <> ment and : character-building are very''infc*3&l portant. •'■;'..':■■' '. ; ■■'■ ■■■'■', ' ::; '"-"' : ' ' ' '■"'-' ■'':.'.■:: ',■■'■' tl|p .'■" We often hear tho expression, " I. haven'fifl time." There is lan old saying that % .' Tm9fm. is made for slaves." Haven't you " noticed,^§ ; that men who accomplish the- most haT»5 l "B' time enough for everything and time-WKw i enjoy . themselves? * i IJ . t —— / m :.i# There are three clasps of —Tbo*»_£rJ that eat food - and-produce beef from iij'is those that eat food; from - which: they P rt *isS duce milk; and those that eat foo4il|p™ goodness knows what they do with it. i!^p^