Useful References

Horowhenua Chronicle, 6 September 1910, Page 1

Useful References

FOR TRAVELLERS AND STAY-AT-HOME PEOPLE. Steamers leave Wellington for Christchurch practically every evening in the week. Afternoon trains from Levin, connect with them. There are frequent trips to ports further south, such as Dunedin and The Bluff. Steamers leave Wellington for Sydney direct on Friday of every week, and anyone who finds that day inconvenient may get to Sydney from Auckland, whence a steamer leaves every Monday, after having voyaged up from Wellington via Napier and Gishorne. The iniward steamers from Sydney to Wellington go on to southern ports, and from The Bluff tlhey steam up to Melbourne and laJter on to Sydney. As a means of enabling the sender of a letter addressed to a place abroad to pr'epay the postage on a reply, the Department issues reply coupons on paymenifc of a fee of Id. These coupons may be exchanged for a postage stamp of the value of 23d in any country which adopts the scheme. Now Zealand's population, including that of the Cook Islands and other dependencies, is now well over one million. In June, 1908. the estimated population of London was 4,795,757. The rateable value of property in England and Wales has risen each year since 1874. The figures areas follows: — In 1874, £115.646,631. Tn 1888, £145.527,944. Tn 1894, £161.139,575. Tn 1908, £212, 757, 450.

Th'oitotaT rateable value in 1874 reprcsnwts art average of £4 17s fid per head of population, while in 1908 the average was £R per head. People are puzzled to know what is meant hy occasional references, in discussions on naval firmaments, to the German Naval Law. The German Navy Law of 1907 provides for the laying down in each vea.r from 1908 to 1911 of three battleships and one armoured cruiser; also in each year from 1912 to 1917 of one battleship and one nrtnourn'l cruiser: also in each vear from 1908 to 1917 of two protected cruisers and one destroyer. New Zealand's public debt at 31st March. 1910, amounted to £70,938534, tiho increase for -the twelve months immediately preceding having been £4.484.637. Of this amount £1,200,000 was raised by way of public works.. £1.048,800 under th'o Advances to Settlers and Workers Act. and £1.000.000 under the Wellington and Manawatn Railway Purchase Act. £250.000 was raised nnflier the Loans to Local Bodies Actt, arujl £211.495 under the Land for Settlements Act. Great Britain's National Debt, on 31st March, 1909, stood n.t £754.121309, h'eing n decrease of £5,704,742 bv comparison with the figures for ft/he year immediately preeedu'ng. Against this were set down assets £37.160,000, the principal item being the estimated market value of the Suez Canal shares owned by Great Britain (£32.000.000). AGE OF HORSES AS SHttWN BY THEIR TEETH.

A foal of six months has snx grinders in each jaw, three on each side; also six nippers of front teeth, with a cavity in each.

At tho age of one year, he loses the first milk grinders above and below, and front teeth have their cavities filled up alike to teeth of horses of eight years of age. At age of two and a half to three years, ho casts his two front! uppers, and in a short time after the rtwo next.

At_ age of four years, grinders are six upon each side, and a.t about four and a-half his nippers are all permanent ones, by the replacing of remaining two comer teeth; tushes then appear, and he is no longer a colt Atfc five a horso has tushes, and there is in black-coloured cavity in centre of all his lower .nippers. At six this black cavity is obliterated jn the two front lower nippers. At seven the cavities of the next two are filled np and tushes blunted ; and at eight the cavities of the ■t-wo corner teeth are filled up. Hors'o mav now be said to be aged. Ca.vities in nippers of upper jaw are not obliterated until the horse is About ten years told, after which tushes become- round, and nippers project and change their surface. TO ASCERTAIN THK WEIGHT OF CATTLE. Take the measurement of the nrirth where it is smallest (close behind the shoulder) and the length of the animal from the front of the shoulder to the junction of the tail. Multiply thhe square of the girth in feet and inches hy the length in feet, a.nd multiply the product by .23, .24, .26, .28, or .30, according to the fatness of the animal, and the result will give the weight in imperial stones. For instance, if the eirth of an animal in moderate conditioin he 6ft, the lenrrth sftr 4in. then 6 x 6—36 x 51-3—192 x .24—47.08 stones. The foregoing is the carcase weight of Ithe animal. The weight of the carcase would he about fof the liVo weight for cattle: for sheep, from 1-3 to and for a pig, from } to 3 the live weight.